Part A: Chemistry (180 marks)
Section 1: Multiple Choice (50)
1. Which of the following compounds is an example of an artificial sweetener?
Sucrose
Fructose
Sucralose
Glucose
2. Which of the following must always be true for any kind of chemical reaction?
The masses of the products and the reactants are equal
The mass of the products is greater than that of the reactants
The number of atoms in the reactants must change when products are formed
The reactants require the absorption of heat for a reaction to occur
3. How many neutrons does Polonium-209 have?
125 n0
209 n0
84 n0
293 n0
4. Predict the predominant type of bonding in carbon tetrachloride.
Covalent
Hydrogen
Ionic
Dipole-Dipole
5. When NaNO3 (aq) and CaCl2 (aq) combine, which of the following products are made?
A catalyst
A precipitate
A solvent
None of the above
6. Solution A has a pH of 3 and Solution B has a pH of 5. Which of the following is correct?
Solution A is approximately 100 times more acidic.
Solution A is approximately 2 times more acidic.
Solution B is approximately 100 times more acidic.
Solution B is approximately 2 times more acidic.
7. What percent of aluminium chloride is aluminium?
20.2%
25.0%
18.9%
30.4%
8. The Kinetic Molecular Theory states that all particles:
Are at complete rest until heated
Must always be in constant, random motion
Are in static equilibrium
None of the above
9. Which of the following is correct about hydrogen bonding?
Hydrogen bonding helps determine the shape of D.N.A.
Hydrogen bonding occurs only in water molecules
Hydrogen bonding is responsible for ice’s low density
A and C only
10. The pressure exerted by a gas results from
The mass of the particles
The collisions between the gas molecules and the container
The forces of repulsion between the gas molecules
The energy gain experienced by each particle
11. When the volume of a gas increases, which of the following happens?
The density of the gas decreases and the mass remains constant
The pressure of the gas decreases and the mass changes
The temperature of the gas decreases and the mass remains constant
The pressure of the gas increases and the mass changes
12. Which statement is true for a 2 mol sample of O2?
There are 1.20 × 1024 entities altogether
There are 1.20 × 1024 oxygen atoms
There are 2.40 × 1024 entities altogether
There are 6.02 × 1023 oxygen atoms
13. Which one of the following is NOT a property of a gas?
Low compressibility
More space in-between its particles
Takes up shape of container
More translational movement of particles
14. Which of the following statements is false?
Radon is an indoor air pollutant that can cause lung cancer
The combustion of fossil fuels is the most responsible for greenhouse gas emissions
Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal # of molecules
Individual ideal gas particles have both size and volume
15. Which one of the following descriptions of its specific law is false?
Law of Definite Proportions – The elements in a compound are always present in the same proportion by mass.
Boyle’s Law – Volume decreases as pressure increases
Avogadro’s Law – Equal volumes of gases in the same conditions have the same # of entities
Periodic Law – Elements in a specific period will go increasingly heavier to the right
16. What is the best thing a person could eat to regulate their metabolism?
Something high in magnesium ions
Something high in iron ions
Something high in potassium ions
Something high in iodide ions
17. Which of the following statements regarding limiting reagents is false?
The quantity of a yielded product depends on the quantity of the limiting reagent
A small quantity of the excess reagent is left after the limiting reagent is fully consumed
A balanced chemical equation can be used to determine the limiting reagent
The reactant with the lowest initial mass is the limiting reagent
18. The mass of product predicted based on the stoichiometry of the chemical equation is known as:
Actual yield
Percentage yield
Stoichiometric amount
Theoretical yield
19. Look at the following chemical equation for the complete combustion of methane.
CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O (g)
Which one of the following statements is correct regarding this reaction:
One mole of methane would yield two moles of oxygen gas
Oxygen would be the limiting reagent
Methane reacts with oxygen in a 2:1 ratio.
Methane would be the limiting reagent
20. Classify the following chemical reaction: 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2SO3
Synthesis
Combustion
Single Displacement
There is more than one classification
21. Which of the following statements are false regarding hydrocarbons?
All hydrocarbons do not have the same empirical formula
An incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon will always yield carbon monoxide and will not always yield soot (carbon)
An incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon will produce a blue flame in a Bunsen Burner while a complete combustion of a hydrocarbon will produce a yellow flame
Incomplete combustion yields products that are inhalation hazards and can be fatal
22. Which of the following demonstrates qualitative analysis?
Determining the density of a substance by using its mass and volume
Using a thermometer to measure the temperature of a solution
Using a glowing splint to determine the presence of oxygen in a container of gas
Measuring the amount of solute in a solution
23. Which of the following processes is an example of a physical change?
Condensation
Neutralization
Combustion
Burning
24. Which of the following statements is true about the solubility of gasses?
As temperature increases, solubility increases
As pressure increases, solubility decreases
As temperature increases, solubility decreases
Gasses are insoluble in water
BOTTOM TEXT
27. What properties would carbon tetrachloride have?
Conductor of electricity
Crystal lattice structure
Very high boiling point
None of the above
HIT OR MISS, I GUESS THEY NEVER MISS HUH
29. Which of the following compounds would make the best antacid?
Calcium Carbonate
Sodium Hydroxide
Citric Acid
Lithium Oxide
30. Which of the following is not a way to remediate toxic soil?
Replacing the toxic soil with fresh soil
Breaking down the toxic soil with organisms
Using electrically charged rods to attract toxic ions
Blasting flushing solutions into the soil then extracting the collected toxins
31. Which of the following is not a step in extracting pure copper?
Purifying copper using electricity
Crushing minerals from the ground
Mining copper ore underground
Heating copper ore inside almost 100% pure oxygen
32. What are some activities that can pollute the environment?
Mining minerals
Not recycling used water in factories
Excessive meat production
All of the above
33. Which of the following statements is false regarding green chemistry in the industry?
Going green is more expensive but is better towards the environment
There will be safer work conditions if a company decides to go green
More land might be required for green processes
All of the above
34. What are some benefits of using catalysts?
Catalysts can make processes more eco friendly
Catalysts can speed up chemical reactions
Catalysts can save companies’ money
All of the above
35. What can be done to reduce our negative impact on the environment?
Using catalytic converters
Turning off the lights when not in use
Implementing “closed loop” manufacturing processes
All of the above
36. The element Bromine
Is more electronegative than Chlorine
Has a greater ionization energy than Sulfur
Has a greater atomic radius than Sodium
Has a higher electron affinity than Fluorine
37. Which of the following statements is false about petrochemicals?
All compounds that are petrochemicals have an uneven distribution of electrons
Petrochemicals are used to make cell phones, school supplies, and clothes
Petrochemicals include hydrocarbons and chemicals derived from crude oil and natural gas
All of the above
38. Which of the following definitions are false?
Upcycling is the transformation of unwanted products into newer products
Recycling is the breaking down of old products in order to produce newer products
End-of-life degradation refers to the time needed for a product to degrade
Compostable products are products that can degrade to nutrient-rich, solid materials in soil
39. Which of the following statements about atoms and molecules is correct?
Atoms contain one or more molecules
Molecules contain two or more atoms
Only elements contain atoms; all compounds contain molecules
Only pure substances contain atoms; mixtures contain molecules
40. Which of the following is a characteristic of covalent bonds?
Results in large crystal lattices
Forms only between ions
Results in electrolytes
Results in low melting points
41. Which of the following is primarily responsible for all periodic trends?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
None of the above
42. Which of the following statements is false?
A lewis symbol for a chlorine atom should show 1 lone pair and 3 bonding electrons
A lewis symbol for a phosphorus atom should show 1 lone pair and 3 bonding electrons
A double bond consists of two pairs of electrons shared between two atoms
A lone pair of electrons is a pair of valence electrons that is not involved in bonding
43. Why is water a good solvent?
Its molecule is smaller than most other solvents
It is less polar than most molecules
It has a high boiling point
None of the above
44. CH3Cl would have which of the following bonds?
London Dispersion Forces
Dipole-Dipole Attraction
Hydrogen Bonding
A and B only
45. Which of the following is false about Sodium Carbonate?
It does not react with bases
It is an electrolyte
It will turn red litmus paper blue
It has no characteristic feel
46. Which of the following statements is false?
It is necessary for scuba divers to ascend slowly due to Boyle’s law
Deforestation near the shores is responsible for thermal pollution
Dissolved positive ions getting attracted to the oxygen atoms in water is an example of hydration
Dissociation occurs when the attractive forces between the solute and solvent are stronger than the intermolecular bonds in either the solute or the solvent
47. Which of the following can tell you if a molecule is polar?
If exactly two different atoms make up the molecule
If the molecule is a hydrocarbon
If the molecule is a molecular element
If the molecule is composed of an oxygen and 2 other atoms of the same element
48. Which of the following statements about water is false?
Most underground water can be found in aquifers
5% of all of Earth’s water is freshwater
Agriculture is the second highest user of water
B and C only
49. How can you speed up a chemical reaction?
Increasing temperature
Increasing concentration of reactants
Increasing surface area of the reactants
All of the above
50. An amalgam can be classified as a
Pure substance
Solution
Heterogenous mixture
None of the above
Section 2: Calculations (70)
51. a) An acidic solution with a molar mass of 60.05 g/mol contains 40.001% carbon, 6.714% hydrogen,and 53.285% oxygen. Determine its empirical formula and molecular formula. (16)
b) 45.0g of the aforementioned solution then reacts with 30.0g of calcium hydroxide, producing water, and another compound. Determine the percent yield of this unknown compound. (16)
52. A sample of chlorine contains 75.76% of Cl-35 and 24.24% of Cl-37. What is its atomic mass? (4)
53. a) Determine the # of molecules of helium in a balloon containing 5.0L of helium gas at STP. (6)
b) What would be the volume of a balloon with hydrogen gas if it had the same number of entities as the helium balloon? Assume that the hydrogen gas is also at STP. (4)
54. A balloon containing hydrogen gas at 20°C and a pressure of 100 kPs has a volume of 7.50 L. Calculate the change of the balloon’s volume after it rises 10 km into the upper atmosphere, where the temperature is -36°C and the outside air pressure is 28 kPa. (6)
55. What volume of nitrogen is required to react with 150.0L of hydrogen to produce ammonia? (4)
56. The pressure reading on a scuba tank containing oxygen gas and nitrogen gas is 145 atm. If the N2 gas has a partial pressure of 115 atm, calculate the partial pressure of the O2 gas. (4)
57. a) Someone wants to prepare a NaCl solution with a concentration of 0.050 mol/L. What would be the volume of water required to prepare the solution if he uses 50.0g of NaCl? (4)
b) He messes up and adds 52.0g of NaCl instead into the same volume of water. He plans to dilute the solution by adding some 0.010 mol/L NaCl solution into the solution he’s trying to prepare. How much of the 0.010 mol/L solution would he need to dilute the solution back to 0.050 mol/L? (6)
Section 3: Short Answer (45)
58. Name the following compounds (5):
a) Ba(OH)2 _________________________
b) NH4Cl _________________________
c) P2O5 _________________________
d) CuSO4 · 5H2O _________________________
e) HNO3 (aq) _________________________
59. Write the chemical formula for the compounds (5):
a) Nickel (II) Sulfate _________________________
b) Hydrofluoric acid _________________________
c) Nitrogen triiodide _________________________
d) Sodium carbonate decahydrate _________________________
e) Zinc phosphide _________________________
60. For the following chemical reactions, write a word equation and a balanced chemical equation. Classify each of the chemical reactions (15)
a) Iron sulfide can be added into hydrochloric acid to produce a toxic gas and a solid ionic compound.
b) Butane combusts with oxygen to produce several byproducts and energy.
d) Potassium bromide metal is dropped into a iodine gas tank
61. KOH solution is used to neutralize a H2SO4 solution spill. Write the balanced chemical equation, total ionic equation and net ionic equation for this reaction. (4)
62. For CO2 and Fe2O3 :
a) Draw Lewis Symbols for the two compounds (2 each)
b) Calculate the electronegativity difference (2 each)
c) Identify if the compound is nonpolar, polar, or ionic (1 each)
d) Identify the type(s) of intermolecular forces in action in the two compounds. (2 each)
e) Predict whether or not each compound would be insoluble in water (1 each)
Section 4: Long Answer (15)
A company wants to own some land to build a small factory. However though, the land has been contaminated with harmful and carcinogenic chemicals. What steps should the company take as to make the land safe for human use and to eventually be a very profitable business? Fully describe any processes or considerations the company must take and explain why.
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